When Do I Need an Elder Lawyer?

Elder law is different from estate law, but they frequently address many of the same issues. Estate planning contemplates your finances and property to best provide for you and your family while you're still alive but incapacitated. It also concerns itself with the estate you leave to your loved ones when you die, minimizing probate complications and potential estate tax bills. Elder lawyers contemplate these same issues but also the scenario when you may need some form of long-term care, even your eligibility for Medicaid should you need it.

A recent article from The Balance’s asks “Do You or a Family Member Need to Hire an Elder Law Attorney?” According to the article there are a variety of options to adjust as economically and efficiently as possible to plan for all eventualities. An elder law lawyer can discuss these options with you.

Medicaid is a complicated subject, and really requires the assistance of an expert. The program has rigid eligibility guidelines in the event you require long-term care. The program’s benefits are income- and asset-based. However, you can’t simply give everything away to qualify, if you think you might need this type of care in the near future. There are strategies that should be implemented because the “spend down" rules and five-year "look back" period reverts assets or money to your ownership for qualifying purposes, if you try to transfer them to others. An elder law lawyer will know these rules well and can guide you.

You'll need the help and advice of an experienced elder lawyer to assist with your future plans, if one or more of these situations apply to you:

• You're in a second (or later) marriage;
• You’re recently divorced;
• You've recently lost a spouse or another family member;
• Your spouse is incapacitated and requires long-term care;
• You own one or more businesses;
• You have real estate in more than one state;
• You have a disabled family member;
• You’re disabled;
• You have minor children or an adult "problem" child;
• You don't have children;
• You’d like to give a portion of your estate to charity;
• You have significant assets in 401(k)s and/or IRAs; or
• You have a taxable estate for estate tax purposes.

If you have any of these situations, you should seek the help of an elder lawyer.

If you fail to do so, you’ll most likely give a sizeable percentage of your estate to the state, an ex-spouse, or the IRS.

State probate laws are very detailed as to what can and can’t be included in a will, trust, advance medical directive, or financial power of attorney. These laws control who can and can’t serve as a personal representative, trustee, health care surrogate, or attorney-in-fact under a power of attorney.

Hiring an experienced elder law attorney can help you and your family avoid simple but expensive mistakes, if you or your family attempt this on your own.

Reference: The Balance (Jan. 21, 2020) “Do You or a Family Member Need to Hire an Elder Law Attorney?”